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Are We Living in a Simulation? AI, Gaming, and the Future of Reality

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What happens when virtual worlds start to feel more real than reality itself?

ChatGPT Illustration of our YouTube

In the latest episode of Modem Futura, we sat down with futurist, author, and game designer Rizwan Virk to explore a question that once lived purely in science fiction but is now increasingly difficult to ignore: Are we living in a simulation?

Virk’s newly released second edition of The Simulation Hypothesis arrives at a moment when AI, gaming engines, and immersive technologies like Apple Vision Pro are reshaping how we experience the world. As we discussed on the show, it’s no longer just about graphics or realism—it’s about presence, memory, and agency. When simulated environments respond instantly, adapt to us, and feel embodied, the psychological line between physical and digital begins to blur.


One of the most compelling ideas we explored was the Metaverse Turing Test—a future moment when AI-driven characters in virtual worlds become indistinguishable from humans, not just through conversation, but through behavior, memory, and shared experience. This isn’t a distant thought experiment. Game developers are already building NPCs with persistence and adaptive intelligence, while AI systems are learning spatial reasoning and long-term context.

We also traced surprising connections between ancient philosophy and modern technology. Plato’s Cave, Eastern concepts of Maya (illusion), and even pop culture like Rick and Morty all point to a recurring human intuition: reality may not be as solid as it feels. Technology isn’t inventing these questions—it’s amplifying them.

Perhaps most importantly, this episode isn’t about fear or doom. It’s about curiosity. Gaming and entertainment—often dismissed as trivial—have historically driven some of the most transformative technological breakthroughs. Today, they may once again be leading us toward deeper insights about consciousness, identity, and meaning.

Whether we’re players, NPCs, or something in between, one thing is clear: the future of being human will be shaped not just by what we build, but by how we experience the worlds we create.

🎧 Listen to the full episode of Modem Futura wherever you get your podcasts—and join us as we explore the possible, probable, and preferable futures ahead.



Subscribe and Connect!

Subscribe to Modem Futura wherever you get your podcasts and connect with us on LinkedIn. Drop a comment, pose a question, or challenge an idea—because the future isn’t something we watch happen, it’s something we build together. The medium may still be the massage, but we all have a hand in shaping how it touches tomorrow.

🎧 Apple Podcast: https://apple.co/4oVu4eE

🎧 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/12lvXMtH0T9Z3cORm3GdSf?si=c1cf3061728e45be

📺 YouTube: https://youtu.be/BGpEKLt6vZ0

🌐 Website: https://www.modemfutura.com/

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The Hidden Costs of “That Was Easy”: AI Slop, Creative Friction, and the Future of Human Craft

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In this Modem Futura episode, hosts Sean Leahy and Andrew Maynard examine the rise of “AI slop” and the growing cultural pressure to accept frictionless creation as the norm. Drawing on examples from coding, design, futures thinking, and psychology, they unpack how satisficing, homogenization, and inherited power threaten to erode human craft and understanding. The article explores why creative friction is essential for mastery, agency, and meaning — and offers futures-oriented insights into how we can use AI intentionally without losing what makes us human.

ChatGPT Illustrated version of Modem Futura YouTube Thumbnail

Generative AI has ushered in an era where producing text, images, video, and code is no longer a challenge — it’s a button press. And in this week’s episode of Modem Futura, Andrew and I wrestle with a growing cultural tension: if everything is easy, what happens to the things that matter?

It began with a shared frustration. Both of us have noticed an explosion of what we call AI slop (content that is technically competent but devoid of care, intention, and personality). You’ve seen it too: the LinkedIn posts with identical emojis, the slide decks that all look like NotebookLM, the essays with no point of view. These things aren’t wrong, they’re just empty. And the emptiness is the point.

We discuss a concept called satisficing: the act of choosing something “good enough” rather than something excellent. In the age of AI, satisficing has become an increasing default mode of creation. Why craft an idea when you can generate one? Why wrestle with a blank page when you can autocomplete your way to the finish line?

But here’s the problem: friction is where learning happens. It’s where creativity lives. It’s the sanding that polishes the stone. When you remove friction, you remove the struggle — and without struggle, there is no mastery, no depth, and no meaning.

Throughout the episode, we explore how this plays out across domains. Coders relying on AI-generated code they can’t understand. Designers accepting images that are “close enough.” Writers sharing posts they didn’t write. And organizations flirting with a future where expertise is replaced by button-pressing.

We draw on Michael Crichton’s concept of inherited power from Jurassic Park: the idea that wielding abilities you never earned leads to carelessness, overconfidence, and danger. AI gives us power we didn’t work for — and without wisdom, that power is hollow.

But this isn’t a pessimistic episode. We explore how AI can amplify creativity when used intentionally, how friction can be designed back into workflows, and why people may ultimately push back against frictionless living. Humans crave meaning, not efficiency. And meaning takes work.

If you’re navigating how to use AI thoughtfully — in your craft, your teaching, your leadership, or your creative life — this episode offers a grounded, futures-focused lens on what we stand to lose and what we still have time to protect.

🎧 Listen to the full episode of Modem Futura — and join the conversation on what we should preserve in an age that wants to eliminate every struggle.


Subscribe and Connect!

Subscribe to Modem Futura wherever you get your podcasts and connect with us on LinkedIn. Drop a comment, pose a question, or challenge an idea—because the future isn’t something we watch happen, it’s something we build together. The medium may still be the massage, but we all have a hand in shaping how it touches tomorrow.

🎧 Apple Podcast: https://apple.co/48WCGgh

🎧 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/1BajA2SvDWVyY0mRSQ9Flk?si=wvCFhWlgQtC2kye3bGz5Kg

📺 YouTube: https://youtu.be/1V9PD7j8iu8

🌐 Website: https://www.modemfutura.com/

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Apple’s 2025 Holiday Ad and the Power of Human-Made Creativity in an AI World

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Apple did it again.

For years now, Apple has built a reputation for delivering some of the most memorable holiday commercials. There was the famous 2013 “tear jerker” Christmas ad with the seemingly sullen teenager, face buried in his phone, drifting to the margins of family festivities. We’re led to believe he’s disconnected and unengaged—until the reveal that he’s been quietly filming and editing a heartfelt video love letter to his family. It hits you hard, right in the feels. Since then, we’ve seen a long line of emotionally charged holiday spots, from the felt doll ad to the hearing loss story and beyond, all leaning into care, compassion, and human connection.

This year, Apple has done it again—but in a way that’s less weepy and more quietly inspirational. The new holiday film leans heavily into something that’s becoming a recurring theme for Apple: celebrating the best kind of content creation—human-made. It also feels like a response to the backlash against their earlier “crush” iPad ad, where a cornucopia of creative tools (instruments, art supplies, analog devices, etc.) were crushed in a hydraulic press and flattened into an iPad. The intended message was that all those tools are now in your hands. The received message, however, was a metaphorical, cold, mechanical digitization of everything human—literally smashing the tools of creativity and, symbolically, the human element itself.

Picking up from where they left off with the wonderfully human-crafted Apple TV logo work—which I wrote about previously and discussed in more depth on a recent Modem Futura podcast episode—Apple once again puts a human-made creation at the center of the story.

This year’s holiday ad is a joyful nod to the fun, slightly unhinged world of practical and digital effects: live actors sharing the screen with wild, muppet-esque animal characters. The creatures look a bit feral and chaotic, which adds to the charm and visual texture of the spot. At the same time, the ad quietly but clearly showcases the headline features of the iPhone 17 Pro and its camera capabilities, from cinematic framing to zoom and low-light performance, all wrapped into a tight, entertaining narrative. Not to mention the hidden connection – the song our furry friends sing – is an adaptation of the song “Friends” by Flight of the Concords (with some pretty obvious lyric changes).

What I’ve grown to love even more than the finished commercial is the behind-the-scenes video. That’s where you really see the production elements, the people, the tech, and the process all woven together. In a world where our feeds are flooded with an endless river of AI-generated slop, it feels like a genuine light in the darkness to encounter something real. Something made by humans. Something that reflects the care and craft of the people involved in bringing a story—even a three-minute ad—to life. Human performances are transferred into these puppets and characters, bringing them to life in ways no AI-slop machine can match.

It’s cheeky, it’s fun, and if you find yourself smiling while you watch it, that’s because you can feel the care and craft engrained into every frame. This wasn’t the result of a few prompts typed into Sora 2. This was a deliberately designed story brought to life by actors, artists, producers, technologists, writers, logistics teams, sales folks, interns, and countless other human-filled roles all working together.

I hope this is just the beginning—and that we keep seeing more high-value, high-craft productions from human creators. In a moment obsessed with automation, it’s refreshing to see a company with Apple’s reach lean so visibly into the irreplaceable magic of human creativity.

Well done Apple!

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AI Toys, Datafied Childhoods and the Future of Play

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The holiday toy season is here—and this year, the cutest thing on the shelf might also be the most powerful AI in your house. In the latest episode of Modem Futura, Andrew Maynard and I unpack the rise of AI-powered toys and what they mean for childhood, learning and the future of being human.

The conversation starts with a viral example: a plush teddy bear running GPT-4 that had to be pulled from the market after reportedly offering children tips on using matches and explaining adult sexual practices. From there, Sean and Andrew trace the longer lineage of “smart” toys—from Teddy Ruxpin and Furbies to Hello Barbie and Watson-powered dinosaurs—that have steadily normalized networked, data-hungry playthings.

(Checkout this commercial for Teddy Ruxpin... where it all started. Look at how the commercial shows the 'capture' of the kids when it talks - now add AI to this and ask, "what could possibly go wrong?")

We argue that today’s AI toys bring two risks into sharp focus. The first is the datification of childhood, where toys quietly record children’s voices, preferences and emotions, sending that data to companies, platforms and advertisers. The second is behavioral shaping, as large language models become deeply engaging companions that mirror back what kids want to hear, influencing how they see relationships, risk and themselves.

Connecting this to AI-driven education tools, neurodivergent learners and fictional touchstones like Neal Stephenson’s The Diamond Age and Spielberg’s A.I. Artificial Intelligence, the episode asks a simple but urgent question: Who do we want raising our children—families and communities, or opaque AI systems embedded in toys?

Before you wrap this year’s hottest AI plush, this episode offers a thoughtful futures-oriented lens on what you’re really putting under the tree.

Subscribe and Connect!

Subscribe to Modem Futura wherever you get your podcasts and connect with us on LinkedIn. Drop a comment, pose a question, or challenge an idea—because the future isn’t something we watch happen, it’s something we build together. The medium may still be the massage, but we all have a hand in shaping how it touches tomorrow.

🎧 Apple Podcast: https://apple.co/4pD98d4

🎧 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/2FGujd4wk5rx39zGH8Ml4d?si=kGMN9NCiQfmbBEHpi2buwg

📺 YouTube: https://youtu.be/6_rSNKxsSOU

🌐 Website: https://www.modemfutura.com/

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The AI Sustainability Paradox - Promise, Peril, and Planetary Futures – Episode 58

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AI, Sustainability, and the Planet Under Pressure: Can Technology Help Us Navigate the Future?

In this week’s episode of Modem Futura, Andrew and I take on one of the most urgent and complex questions of our time:Can artificial intelligence meaningfully help humanity navigate planetary crises — without deepening them?

Our jumping-off point is the newly released 2025 synthesis report AI for a Planet Under Pressure, produced by the Stockholm Resilience Centre and the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research. The report asks a deceptively simple but high-stakes question: Can AI be used responsibly and effectively to address climate change, biodiversity loss, freshwater stress, and other accelerating environmental pressures?

It’s the kind of question that seems tailor-made for futures thinking — a toolset we rely on heavily throughout the show. Because as we discuss, we’re not just talking about one technology or one problem. We’re talking about wicked problems: challenges that mutate as we try to solve them. Climate change, plastics pollution, ecosystem collapse, global energy transitions — these are dynamic, interconnected systems that resist silver-bullet solutions.

AI shows real promise. We now have models that can detect complex patterns in climate systems, accelerate protein discovery, optimize renewable-energy grids, and reveal future pathways humans simply cannot see on their own. These are powerful breakthroughs — and the report highlights dozens of examples where AI is already pushing sustainability science forward in meaningful ways.

But as we explore in the episode, this promise raises a difficult paradox:
AI requires enormous amounts of water, energy, and material resources. Data centers heat cities, strain local water supplies, and demand extractive mineral supply chains. Are we burning fossil fuels to solve the fossil-fuel crisis? And what does it mean when our sustainability solutions come with unsustainable footprints?

We also dig into the human side: the behaviors, incentives, and limitations that so often undermine long-term environmental action. Could AI help foster better cooperation? Could it assist governments, regions, and communities in seeing shared pathways forward that remain invisible today? Or does outsourcing too much responsibility risk numbing the very agency we need most?

These aren’t easy questions — but they’re necessary ones. And as Andrew points out, failing to have these conversations guarantees that someone else (or something else) will make those decisions for us.

If you’re curious about the intersection of AI, planetary futures, and the human condition, this is a conversation worth spending time with.

🎧 Listen to the full episode here 👇

Subscribe and Connect!

Subscribe to Modem Futura wherever you get your podcasts and connect with us on LinkedIn. Drop a comment, pose a question, or challenge an idea—because the future isn’t something we watch happen, it’s something we build together. The medium may still be the massage, but we all have a hand in shaping how it touches tomorrow.

🎧 Apple Podcast: https://apple.co/43Y4Wwn

🎧 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/195UbUOIUv8oF587yNo1FM?si=d6d7cd6b05034703

📺 YouTube: https://youtu.be/O8gGpJZO-g4

🌐 Website: https://www.modemfutura.com/

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The Metaverse - A Stack of Reality Layers – Episode 57

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Layers of Reality: Exploring the Metaverse Stack

When the headset comes off, does the world you were just in disappear—or does it linger somewhere between your senses and memory?

n our latest episode of Modem Futura, Andrew Maynard and I explore the metaverse as more than a corporate buzzword or sci-fi dream. We approach it as a continuum of realities — a multi-layered “stack” that spans the physical and digital, each tier more immersive than the last.

From our own immersive sessions with the Apple Vision Pro, we reflect on that strange moment of re-entry—when the headset comes off and the world feels slightly less real. It’s a feeling that raises existential questions about presence, identity, and how AI-generated worlds are shaping the boundaries of human experience.

In this episode, we trace the metaverse’s origins from Neil Stephenson’s Snow Crash to today’s spatial computing revolutions. We ask what happens when digital spaces become persistent and indistinguishable from physical ones—and why futures thinking is essential for guiding that transition responsibly. From procedurally generated AI environments to the idea of “digital sustainability,” we discuss how these technologies will reshape privacy, ethics, and our collective sense of reality.

Ultimately, this conversation is about our tethers to truth. In an age of deeply immersive AI systems and blended realities, how do we find our totem—our anchor that keeps us grounded in what matters most? We believe that intentional design, transparency, and care must guide how we build these new worlds before they begin to build us.

Subscribe and Connect!

Subscribe to Modem Futura wherever you get your podcasts and connect with us on LinkedIn. Drop a comment, pose a question, or challenge an idea—because the future isn’t something we watch happen, it’s something we build together. The medium may still be the massage, but we all have a hand in shaping how it touches tomorrow.

🎧 Apple Podcast: https://apple.co/4p7ZZcr

🎧 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/2C5LiGRYCdZgr5JijtK7LI?si=0FbAEihfTD6QXX5FN-2nag

📺 YouTube: https://youtu.be/iCAtutBmN5w

🌐 Website: https://www.modemfutura.com/

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Through the lens: Spatial Computing with Apple Vision Pro – Episode 56

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Just a couple of guys wearing nerd helmets and talking about the future of tech.

Inside Spatial Computing: Living (and Working) with Apple Vision Pro

e finally did it — we recorded inside Apple Vision Pro.

In this new episode of Modem Futura, Andrew Maynard and I decided to take spatial computing off the keynote stage and into real life — from multi-monitor workflows and long-haul flights to immersive video, panoramic memories, and even telepresence “personas.” We wanted to know: is this the start of a new computing era, or simply a beautiful distraction in search of a use case?

What we discovered surprised us.

Apple’s Vision Pro doesn’t want to be “VR.” It’s spatial — a computer that understands the world around you. Through pass-through video, eye-tracking, and hand-gesture control, it creates a workspace that’s not just 3D but responsive to you. One look or small pinch replaces the keyboard and mouse. It’s impressive, sometimes uncanny, and often quietly magical.

But behind the magic are deep questions about comfort, value, and human need. The headset’s design reveals how far we’ve come in rendering, latency, and foveated focus — and how far we still are from true wear-all-day computing. The device itself sparks larger conversations: What does “presence” mean when you can blank out reality at will? How will social norms adapt when everyone’s wearing cameras? And where does accessibility fit in when interaction becomes multimodal — eyes, hands, voice, and environment all working together?

Want to see what we've been up to? Here you can see a collection of Spatial videos of our podcast - these were all recorded using a 3-camera multicam setup each filming in Spatial video formats.

One of the biggest challenges at the present for spatial video (a deep dive for later) is that in addition to few people having headsets as compared to smartphones for example, most video platform services do not provide a way to consume Spatial video - including Apple's own Vision OS of all things. Yes you can send a video file (these are massive btw - in the order of 9-20GB each) - but at present there isn't an Apple supported cloud based video viewer to which you can watch Spatial videos posted by your friends and family etc. Personally, I really hope that YouTube will start to allow the playback of Spatial videos (assuming they will put an officially supported YouTube app on the Apple Vision Pro of course).

We also talk about what comes after the headset. Think of a layered ecosystem:

  • Audio AR through your earbuds for subtle ambient context.

  • Lightweight AR glasses for glanceable, social interaction.

  • Full headsets for immersive creativity, co-presence, and exploration.

Rather than a single “device to rule them all,” spatial computing might evolve into a stack of experiences that adapt to how human attention, comfort, and curiosity really work.

It’s easy to be dazzled by tech specs, but the future of spatial computing depends less on what’s rendered and more on what it means to be present in digital space. That’s why we’re inviting developers, designers, and curious explorers to join us — to prototype, play, and imagine what spatial experiences could look like when they’re built for humans first.

Subscribe and Connect!

Subscribe to Modem Futura wherever you get your podcasts and connect with us on LinkedIn. Drop a comment, pose a question, or challenge an idea—because the future isn’t something we watch happen, it’s something we build together. The medium may still be the massage, but we all have a hand in shaping how it touches tomorrow.

🎧 Apple Podcast: https://apple.co/47Arkwv

🎧 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/3V40dbWcrKZq9RCCmoP7Zh?si=s0CVT5aQS8WJ_CgbfMTBcg

📺 YouTube: https://youtu.be/IF3juEp9l_I

🌐 Website: https://www.modemfutura.com/

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Tech or Treat: Exploring the Haunted Side of Future Tech

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Are you ready for some Tech or Treat?

Modem Futura’s Halloween special transforms speculative futures into eerie fun. Hosts Sean Leahy and Andrew Maynard use AI-generated scenarios to imagine haunted algorithms, sentient mirrors, and neural nightmare modes — revealing how emerging technologies can both thrill and unsettle us. This episode continues the show’s mission to explore how science, technology, and society intersect to shape the future of being human.

This episode grew out of our playful Futures Improv series, where we use AI to generate speculative prompts about the future — but this time, the prompts got a little… haunted. We explore “The Haunted Algorithm,” a defunct social-media AI that resurrects old user posts every October 31 — a digital séance that’s equal parts sentimental and unsettling. Then we look into “The Mirror That Remembers,” a smart-mirror concept that doesn’t just show your reflection, but who you might have been in another timeline. Finally, we enter “Neural Nightmare Mode,” imagining what could go wrong when brain-computer interfaces merge immersive gaming with fear response.

Each vignette uses humor and imagination to surface deeper questions: What does it mean when our digital selves outlive us? How do we ensure psychological safety in immersive tech? And at what point does innovation slip from magical to menacing?

Our goal isn’t to predict the future — it’s to provoke curiosity about how technology is reshaping what it means to be human. And if we can have some fun (and a few chills) along the way, even better.

You can stream the Halloween special wherever you get your podcasts or watch the illustrated episode on YouTube. If any of these scenarios inspire your own “Tech or Treat” ideas, share them with us — we’d love to feature the best ones in a future episode.

Subscribe and Connect!

🎧 Apple Podcast: https://apple.co/4oovNKa

🎧 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/47nWrjvBW3ASjMuJUip8o1?si=96d8062d029a4834

📺 YouTube: https://youtu.be/ZmZ46sHgMZY

🌐 Website: https://www.modemfutura.com/